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: Metal-oxide surge arresters (MOAs) exhibit extreme non-linear voltage-current characteristics. For example, a 10-kA arrester might allow a peak terminal voltage of 806 kV during a discharge, which is a factor of ~2.35 times its phase-to-earth voltage, even as current increases by eight orders of magnitude. Protective Levels : The standard defines how to calculate the Lightning Impulse Protective Level (LIPL) Switching Impulse Protective Level (SIPL)

The IEC 60099-5 PDF standard is intended for:

IEC 60099-5 standard, titled "Surge arresters - Part 5: Selection and application recommendations,"

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