As humans, we share the planet with a diverse array of animals, from the majestic elephants and dolphins to the humble bees and butterflies. However, the way we treat these creatures has become a topic of increasing concern and debate. The concept of animal welfare and rights has gained significant traction in recent years, with more and more people speaking out against animal cruelty and advocating for the protection of animals.

The first major animal protection laws were distinctly welfarist. In 1822, the British Parliament passed Martin’s Act, preventing the "cruel and improper treatment of cattle." This was followed by the founding of the RSPCA (Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruel to Animals) in 1824. These early activists did not want to abolish farming; they wanted to stop cart horses from being beaten to death in the streets.

Asserts that animals are "subjects-of-a-life." They have inherent value and are not "resources" for others. This view supports the total abolition of animal exploitation.