: Basic concepts, property measurements (temperature and pressure), and thermodynamic equilibrium. Laws of Thermodynamics : Rigorous problems on the (energy conservation) and Second Law (entropy and irreversibility). Substance Properties
Gas cycles, vapor cycles, refrigeration, combustion , and psychrometry. : Basic concepts
: Explicitly list conditions like "ideal gas," "adiabatic," or "reversible process". Establish Properties : Identify known states (Pressure , Temperature ) on process diagrams (e.g., Apply Conservation Laws Conservation of Mass for closed systems. Conservation of Energy (1st Law) Perform Sanity Checks property measurements (temperature and pressure)